Patterns
intermediateorchestration

Work Queue with Pull-Based Claim

Put tasks in a shared queue and let qualified agents claim work rather than pre-assigning. Keeps the busiest person busy, the best person on the hardest case, and nothing in the wrong inbox.

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Visual Flow

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When to Use This Pattern

Use pull-claim work queues when:

  • Work types vary in difficulty and skill required
  • Agent availability fluctuates — people take lunches, vacations, leave
  • Push-assignment leads to tickets sitting on absent people
  • Agents self-select to maintain expertise ("I always take refunds over $5K")

Support queues are the canonical example. So are credit review teams, content moderation panels, and sales deal desks.

How It Works

Tasks land in a shared queue, typically ordered by priority or SLA deadline. Agents pull the next available task they're qualified for. While held, the task is invisible to others. If the agent can't finish it, they release it and it returns to the queue.

Contrast with push-assignment: the system picks an agent and sends the task to them. Push is simpler but brittle — assigned person goes offline, task stalls.

Note

Self-selection bias is real. Agents will cherry-pick easy tasks and leave hard ones rotting. Combine pull-claim with aging (hard tasks get higher priority over time) or load balancing (if your queue grows, enforce round-robin).

Implementation Guide

Step 1: Define queue skills and filters

Not every agent can work every task. Tag tasks with required skills (language:es, tier:vip, amount:>10k) and let agents see only the subset they're qualified for.

Step 2: Enforce atomic claim

Two agents claiming the same task is the classic race. Use SELECT ... FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED in Postgres, or a queue with native atomic-dequeue (SQS, RabbitMQ, etc.). Never rely on "check-then-update" in app code.

Step 3: Time-box active claims

An agent who claimed a task and went to lunch shouldn't block it for 90 minutes. Auto-release claims older than a threshold (15–30 minutes for most UIs). Notify the agent gently before releasing.

Step 4: Track claim metrics per agent

You want to see: avg handle time, release rate, cherry-pick score. Not to punish, but to spot training needs and queue-shape problems.

Step 5: Surface queue health

Oldest waiting task. Count at risk of SLA breach. Agents online vs. capacity. Put this on a monitor the team can see.

Tips & Best Practices

  • Allow explicit release with reason. "Needs Spanish", "escalation to tier 2", "customer unreachable". Reasons inform routing improvements.
  • Don't require agents to claim. A "next task for me" button that auto-picks the top of the queue removes ambiguity.
  • Prevent hoarding. Some agents will open 10 tickets and work none. Cap concurrent claims per agent.
  • Separate urgent from VIP. Urgency is an SLA property; VIP is a customer property. Conflating them produces weird queue behaviour.

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